Bio 2

AP Biology Chapter 27 Lecture Notes Prokaryotes and the Origins of Metabolic Diversity I. The instauration of Prokaryotes A. Theyre (almost) everywhere! An overview of prokaryotic life 1. Prokaryotes dominate the biosphere. Their biomass is at least(prenominal) 10 times greater than altogether eukaryotes. You have more(prenominal) prokaryotes in your mouth or on your skin than the impart total number of humans who have ever waitd. They atomic number 18 plant wherever there is life and in places in like manner thoroughgoing for any eukaryote. They batch cause disease, give us vitamins, round of golf carbon and nitrogen. Life on farming as we get along it would stop without them. Eukaryotes cannot exist without them up to now they can exist without eukaryotes. 2. They a good deal live in symbiosis with each other and with eukaryotes, e.g., mitochondria and chloroplasts. B. bacteria and archaea ar the ii briny branches of prokaryotic evolution 1. By examine ribosomal RNA and the completely sequenced genomes of several extant species, two main types of prokaryotes have been identified, bacteria and archaea. Archaea live in thoroughgoing environments, e.g., het springs and salt ponds. Many systematists organize life into lead domains, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, which atomic number 18 levels above kingdom. II. The Structure, Function, and Reproduction of Prokaryotes A.

Most prokaryotes are unicellular, but most come from colonies of identical cells. The three most harsh shapes are spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), and helices (spirilla and spirochetes). Mos t are smaller than eukaryotic cells. B. app! roximately all prokaryotes have a cell wall impertinent to the blood plasma membrane 1. The cell wall maintains the shape, provides protection, and keeps them from bursting when in hypotonic solutions. They can plasmolyze in hypertonic solutions and die. Their cells walls differ from those of 1 AP Biology Chapter 27 Lecture Notes plants, protists and fungi. Most bacteria cell walls contain peptidoglycan, polymers of sugars, crossbreed connected by short polypeptides. Archea lack...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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