To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - Themes :: Kill Mockingbird essays

To Kill a Mockingbird - Themes     Although the character of Boo Radley does not break up himself until the end of the novel, he is important to all of the themes present in To Kill a Mockingbird   One of the more dominant themes is prejudice. There are three primary(prenominal) types of prejudice that are explored in the novel racial prejudice, social prejudice and fear of the unknown.   Racial prejudice is present throughout the novel in the large number of Maycombs everyday life, as it is a novel set in the deep south of America in the 1930s. This is a period shortly after the American cultivated war, so slaverys abolishment had occurred not long ago. Beca office this had not been around for long, most peoples attitudes towards Negroes had not changed, despite efforts towards change.   The situation that shows the best examples of racial prejudice is the trial of tom Robinson. In his trial, tom turkey Robinson is misjudged and mistreated bec ause he is black. One of the most prominent examples of this is the way in which Mr. Gilmer, Toms prosecutor, calls Tom boy. He uses a tone of voice, which one would use when talking to the lowest creature on earth, towards Tom and makes him look foolish. This is all because Tom is Black.   The worst example of racial prejudice is Tom Robinsons trial verdict. whole of the evidence produced by Atticus makes it clear that Tom is innocent, yet Tom is found guilty. This verdict is clearly based on the fact that Tom is black, but also that he, a black man, felt sorry for a white woman. I felt right sorry for her This statement would have brought each jury of Southern America to outrage in the 1930s. To them it was not right for a Negro to feel pity for any member of the white community.   some other example of racial prejudice in the novel is at Aunt Alexandras ladys meeting. It also shows the hypocrisy that took place in Maycomb. Miss Merriweather goes on to exp lain the the pits and squalor that is suffered by those poor Mrunas and makes herself seem most ethnically aware, but the she refers to Helen Robinson as That darkys wife The way that Miss Merriweather uses this term as if it is everyday actors line shows that Negroes are not respected, and are given quite offensive names.

Pollution Essay examples -- Environment

Pollution Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment. It is a major problem in America and as well as the world. Pollution not only damages the environment, but damages us also. It has cause many problems ranging from lung cancer to the greenhouse effect. It is all among us but we continue to live in our own filth. What is the reason behind this flawed logic? In this paper I will examine the problems and solutions for this issue. Automobiles be undeniable the greatest source of pollution. The noise pollution created by cars is immense. Another polluting effect of cars is the heat it creates. This heat makes it unpleasant to be near the car trance its running. And of course the most famous of the automobiles evils is the swallow. The toxic fumes given off as a byproduct of the combustion engine are slowly deteriorating our lungs and our atmosphere. The exhaust is extremely toxic to human beings. But why do we do continue to drive these walk ing time bombs. Some people will secernate it is progress, but the majority drives it for the convenien...

Attitudes Towards Animals In N :: essays research papers fc

Attitudes Towards Animals in Neolithic and Assyrian TimesAnimals have been viewed differently by different cultures. This is evident when comparing the skirt painting of a deer track down from the Neolithic period (Gardner, 38) and the reliefs of Ashurbanipal hunting lions and the dying lions from the Assyrian dominated period of the ancient near east (Gardner, 56). The deer hunt scene, painted at Catal Huyuk c. 5750 BC, depicts several universe hunting two large deer and one small deer. The reliefs, sculpted at Nineveh c. 650 BC, consist of King Ashurbanipal academic session in a chariot and shooting several lions with his bow and arrow, and a close-up view of a dying lioness that has been shot three times by arrows save is still trying to move. The deer hunt scene shows that prehistoric people had more respect for animals than the Assyrian people did partly because the Neolithic people felt that antic was needed to help with their hunting. The two works also show that there was a large difference in the technology of these two cultures. In rise to power the Assyrians would sometimes hunt for sport, piece the Neolithic people would hunt nevertheless out of necessity for food.The deer hunt scene shows the animals as being stronger than humans, while the lion hunt scene shows the animals as being weak as compared to King Ashurbanipal. The two adult deer are much larger than any of the humans in the first scene. Humans are usually slightly taller than most deer, but here the deer are drawn about double as tall as the humans. It also takes several humans with weapons to hunt the deer. In the lion scene, all of the lions have been killed or injured by arrows. The only person in the scene with a bow and arrows is King Ashurbanipal. It is apparent that he has shot all of the lions himself, showing his superior strength over the lions. In prehistoric times, cave paintings of hunting scenes served magical purposes By confining them (animals) to the surface o f their cave walls, the prehistoric hunters may have believed that they were bringing the animals under their control (Gardner, 28). Also, the humans on the left of the wall painting dont seem to be directly involved in the hunt, as the deer are on the right side. It appears that they are doing some sort of dance, possibly a magical dance to help the hunters.

The Lost Generation by Ernest Hemingway Essay -- The Lost Generation E

The Lost Generation by Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingway is one of the authors named The Lost Generation. He could not cope with post-war America therefore, he introduced a new type of character in writing called the code hero. He was known to focus his novels rough code heroes who struggle with the mixture of their tragic faults and the surrounding environment. Traits of a typical Hemingway code hero are stimulating surroundings, self-control, self-reliance, fearlessness, and strict moral rules. In Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises, Pedro Romero is the character who maintains the typical code hero qualities, while Robert Cohn provides the antithesis of a code hero. Pedro Romero comes closest to the embodiment of Hemingwayss code hero because of his strength, courage, and confidence. Brett is enthrall by this handsome, nineteen-year-old matador. He is a fearless figure who confronts death in his occupation he is not afraid in the bullring and controls the bulls like a master. Pedro is the starting signal man since Jake who causes Brett to lose her self-control. She...

Can We Reduce the Rate of Juvenile Crime and Violence? :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Palm Beach County, Fla. -- On May 26, 2000, 13-year-old Nathaniel Brazill shot his teacher, Barry Grunow, with a .25 caliber pistol in school. Palm Beach County prosecutors tried Brazill as an adult for first degree murder. The jury found Brazill guilty of second-degree murder and the judge sentenced him to 28 days in an adult facility. After his release, Brazill will face two years of house arrest and five years of probation. (Klug) Does this sentence seem too harsh, or perhaps too lenient? Without knowing all of the details involved in the case, it may be harder to decide what would be the best thing to do with 13-year-old Brazill. What specific details would a person need to know in order to sentence him properly? Has he ever done this before? What were his motives? Is he from a rough neighborhood, living in a bad family situation? Maybe all of these things dont matter in determining Brazills sentence, and he should just be punished according to h is crime. If youre having a hard time deciding, youre non alone. Since the juvenile courts betterment in 1899, there have been debates over whether or not the court is effective in treating juveniles. Brazills case demonstrates the view that the juvenile court is not working, or is not sufficient to deal with cases as serious as Brazills. This is evident in the fact that he was sent to adult court as a 13-year-old as opposed to being tried in the juvenile court. The recent shift toward trying more juveniles as adults is a plain index that the juvenile justice system is not working. No one will disagree with that. However, people will disagree on what the system is supposed to be doing in the first place, and how we as a nation should go about fixing it. There are many different approaches to how juveniles should be dealt with, and each approach is extremely complex. One of the main factors that causes the complexity is that with each approach comes certain doctrines on the differences between juveniles and adults.

Can We Reduce the Rate of Juvenile Crime and Violence? :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

treat Beach County, Fla. -- On May 26, 2000, 13-year-old Nathaniel Brazill shot his teacher, Barry Grunow, with a .25 caliber handgun in school. Palm Beach County prosecutors tried Brazill as an large for for the first time degree murder. The jury found Brazill guilty of second-degree murder and the judge sentenced him to 28 years in an adult facility. After his release, Brazill will face two years of house arrest and five years of probation. (Klug) Does this sentence seem as well as harsh, or perhaps too lenient? Without knowing all of the elaborate involved in the case, it may be harder to decide what would be the best thing to do with 13-year-old Brazill. What specific details would a person need to know in order to sentence him properly? Has he ever done this before? What were his motives? Is he from a unruly neighborhood, living in a bad family situation? Maybe all of these things dont matter in determining Brazills sentence, and he should sightly be punished according to his crime. If youre having a hard time deciding, youre non alone. Since the juvenile courts introduction in 1899, there have been debates over whether or not the court is effective in treating juveniles. Brazills case demonstrates the view that the juvenile court is not working, or is not sufficient to deal with cases as serious as Brazills. This is evident in the fact that he was sent to adult court as a 13-year-old as opposed to being tried in the juvenile court. The recent shift toward trying more juveniles as adults is a plain indicator that the juvenile arbitrator system is not working. No one will disagree with that. However, people will disagree on what the system is supposed to be doing in the first place, and how we as a nation should go about fixing it. There are many different approaches to how juveniles should be dealt with, and each approach is extremely complex. wizard of the main factors that causes t he complexity is that with each approach comes certain doctrines on the differences between juveniles and adults.

Las Vegas Resort Project

Project Final Lake Las Vegas Boardwalk Resort Tourism You are a member of a firm that specializes in the development of world-class resort hotels around various parts of the world. A client has hired your firm to create a make-up and recommendations for a new resort somewhere in the United States. Course Project Lake Las Vegas Boardwalk Resort Development planning A boardwalk signifies relaxation and ente rtainment. What repair perspective to build a fabulous boardwalk pleasure village than in the tourist capital of America beautiful Las Vegas, NV, to be more specific, Lake Las Vegas.This is a unstinting lakeside retreat located only 15 minutes east of the famous Las Vegas Strip. It is surrounded by natural red rocks and borders the Lake Mead Recreational Park. Several different hotels cod already graced this manmade lake along with two award winning golf courses, and gourmet restaurants and exquisite shopping. Currently, there are two lakeside parcels remaining with bang-u p frontage and access to the shops and golf as well as many aquatic activities including sailing, fishing, canoeing, and small boating. Development of the structure would be made through a union with Lake LasVegas LTD, the chief land owner within this region. We feel that with a strategic partnership with the land owner, in the form of a land lease, our general build-out be would be drastically reduced and would yield pleasant tax incentives for this form of business structuring. We aim to build a traditional boardwalk style entertainment concern complete with amusement hub and retail shops to gibe to the atmosphere. We also are planning on building a freestanding roller swooper, Ferris wheel, and Merry-Go-Round to add in to the boardwalk theme.An artist rendering of our anticipated plans would look something like this. on that point were nearly 40 Million visitors to Las Vegas in 2012, get under ones skining a total of $9. 5 trillion in gaming tax to Clark County. These figures are poised to increase steadily through 2020 and this doesnt even take into consideration the added revenues from hotels, restaurants, and retail shops. We can bring a little slice of a vacation retreat and truly make this a desert oasis. Environmental impact The Greater Las Vegas Valley is located in southern corner of Nevada.It lies bounded on the west by several mountain ranges and drains a 1,564-square-mile pissingshed southeastward through Las Vegas Wash into Lake Mead. Lake Mead, was created hen in the 1930s the make clean Dam, was built in a section of the Colorado River creating what is now the largest reservoir in the US. This reservoir receives water runoff from the Rocky Mountains end-to-end Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. Lake Las Vegas is before long some other manmade offshoot of Lake Mead and developed for the purpose of be access a master be after companionship.The water utilize is diverted through piping upwards throughout the community for reasons suc h as usage in foundations and business for drinking water as well as the reclaimed water is then used for ornament golf courses as well as watering the rundownal plants and shrubbery n the region. As for the wildlife in the region, it has all been preserved as natural for the area. There is also an commixture of water fowl, which can be seen flying about the area due to the lush creation ot this oasis. Complete intrastructure nas already been developed and is awaiting shape up investment potential.The addition of our boardwalk entertainment complex would be a welcome fit to this existing lakeside resort town. Sociological impact Since its inception as a gamblers paradise, close to the Mecca of Los Angeles, CA back in the mid 1940s, Las Vegas has developed into more of a normal metropolis with a liberal attitude. The gambling, alcohol and partying has self-aggrandising Las Vegas into a town with two sides one with the entertainment anything goes attitude and the other where su burbia can flourish with schools, hospitals and regular employment.The Las Vegas Metro area now encompasses a population of nearly 2 million, and is still growing. IT has its economic downturns as the rest of the country also does, yet it seems to bounce back as much of the revenue coming through this area is transient from elsewhere. Las Vegas as of recently has developed into more of a family friendly place complete with Amusement theme park, water parks and utdoor activities for children. It is this atmosphere we are tapping into, with our devotion to amusement and excitement with a boardwalk relaxing atmosphere.Economic feasibility and Market With the aforementioned nearly 40 million tourists blend course bringing with them their 9. 5 million in gambling revenue, along with other spending capital it is only logical to use this location as a gear up target location for our boardwalk concept. The tourism industry has recoered pleasantly from the most recent recession and Las Vegas has shot back into action with iii additional planned themed resort casinos being built n or near the Las Vegas Strip within the next 5 years.The competition is booming and with it comes a necessity for action. The future day expansion planning within the Las Vegas Area calls for additional development of highway roads, as well as further expansion of the menses monorail system within the strip-downtown gambling corridor leaving more expansion available to the surrounding areas. Our Lakeside resort is begging for attention and we aim to Jump in offset printing with our themed attraction. Management and maintenance Our boardwalk hotel is simulate after the popular Kemah Boardwalk Inn, located in Galveston TX.This regional attraction has been in operation since 1997 and is only growing in popularity with both Texas residents as well as visitors to the Galveston Bay. By comparison, the Kemah location has only 52 rooms and is more dependent upon seasonal tourist business, wh ereas our Lake Las Vegas location leave behind be twice the size with over 115 rooms and the ability to remain busy with both tourists and locals alike all around the year. It is with this main engagement as well as the addition ofa fully operational casino floor which give allow our operation to flourish and become prottable within the first 6-8 years.Las Vegas Resort ProjectTourismYou are a member of a firm that specializes in the development of world-class resort hotels around various parts of the world. A client has hired your firm to create a report and recommendations for a new resort somewhere in the United States. Course ProjectLake Las Vegas BoardwalkResortDevelopment planningA boardwalk signifies relaxation and entertainment. What better place to build a fabulous boardwalk entertainment village than in the tourist capital of America beautiful Las Vegas, NV, to be more specific, Lake Las Vegas. This is a lush lakeside retreat located only 15 minutes east of the famous La s Vegas Strip. It is surrounded by natural red rocks and borders the Lake Mead Recreational Park. Several other hotels have already graced this manmade lake along with two award winning golf courses, and gourmet restaurants and exquisite shopping.Currently, there are two lakeside parcels remaining with great frontage and access to the shops and golf as well as many aquatic activities including sailing, fishing, canoeing, and small boating. Development of the structure would be made through a partnership with Lake Las Vegas LTD, the chief land owner within this region. We feel that with a strategic partnership with the land owner, in the form of a land lease, our overall build-out costs would be drastically reduced and would yield pleasant tax incentives for this form of business structuring.We aim to build a traditional boardwalk style entertainment center complete with amusement hub and retail shops to add to the atmosphere. We also are planning on building a freestanding roller co aster, Ferris wheel, and Merry-Go-Round to add in to the boardwalk theme. An artist rendering of our anticipated plans would look something like this. There were nearly 40 Million visitors to Las Vegas in 2012, bringing a total of $9.5 Billion in gaming revenue to Clark County. These figures are poised to increase steadily through 2020 and this doesnt even take into consideration the added revenues from hotels, restaurants, and retail shops. We can bring a little slice of a vacation retreat and truly make this a desert oasis.Environmental impactThe Greater Las Vegas Valley is located in southern corner of Nevada. It lies bounded on the west by several mountain ranges and drains a 1,564-square-mile watershed southeastward through Las Vegas Wash into Lake Mead. Lake Mead, was created when in the 1930s the Hoover Dam, was built in a section of the Colorado River creating what is now the largest reservoir in the US. This reservoir receives water runoff from the Rocky Mountains throughou t Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. Lake Las Vegas is currently another manmade offshoot of Lake Mead and developed for the purpose of becoming a master planned community. The water used is diverted through piping upwards throughout the community for reasons such as usage in homes and business for drinking water as well as the reclaimed water is then used for landscaping golf courses as well as watering the additional plants and shrubbery in the region.As for the wildlife in the region, it has all been preserved as natural for the area. There is also an assortment of water fowl, which can be seen flying about the area due to the lush creation of this oasis. Complete infrastructure has already been developed and is awaiting further investment potential. The addition of our boardwalk entertainment complex would be a welcome fit to this existing lakeside resort town.Sociological impactSince its inception as a gamblers paradise, close to the Mecca of Los Angeles, CA back in the mid 1940s, La s Vegas has developed into more of a normal metropolis with a liberal attitude. The gambling, alcohol and partying has grown Las Vegas into a town with two sides one with the entertainment anything goes attitude and the other where suburbia can flourish with schools, hospitals and regular employment. The Las Vegas Metro area now encompasses a population of nearly 2 million, and is still growing.IT has its economic downturns as the rest of the country also does, yet it seems to bounce back as much of the revenue coming through this area is transient from elsewhere. Las Vegas as of recently has developed into more of a family friendly location complete with Amusement theme parks, water parks and outdoor activities for children. It is this atmosphere we are tapping into, with our devotion to amusement and excitement with a boardwalk relaxing atmosphere.Economic feasibility and MarketWith the aforementioned nearly 40 million tourists last year bringing with them their 9.5 Billion in gam bling revenue, along with other spending capital it is only logical to use this location as a prime target location for our boardwalk concept. The tourism industry has recovered pleasantly from the most recent recession and Las Vegas has shot back into action with three additional planned themed resort casinos being built on or near the Las Vegas Strip within the next 5 years.The competition is booming and with it comes a necessity for action. The future expansion planning within the Las Vegas Area calls for additional development of highway roads, as well as further expansion of the current monorail system within the strip-downtown gambling corridor leaving more expansion available to the surrounding areas. Our Lakeside resort is begging for attention and we aim to jump in first with our themed attraction.Management and maintenanceOur boardwalk hotel is patterned after the popular Kemah Boardwalk Inn, located in Galveston TX. This regional attraction has been in operation since 199 7 and is only growing in popularity with both Texas residents as well as visitors to the Galveston Bay. By comparison, the Kemah location has only 52 rooms and is more dependent upon seasonal tourist business, whereas our Lake Las Vegas location get out be twice the size with over 115 rooms and the ability to remain busy with both tourists and locals alike all around the year. It is with this main difference as well as the addition of a fully operational casino floor which go away allow our operation to flourish and become profitable within the first 6-8 years.We are tentatively with contacts from regional Hotel management companies as well as casino managements for partnerships in our operations. We see the necessity to have this run like a four have hotel but with the relaxed nature of a holiday theme park with a casino. For our purposes of this project we are leaning toward Harrahs Management Company. Harrahs has the experience and expert know-how to handle all aspects of thi s venture and we would be pleased to have them as a strategic alliance.As for the financials we have developed a nice breakdown which will follow, but to begin, we are creating a budget for a hotel with 115 rooms to cost in the neighborhood of $22 million, additionally we will purchase a Roller Coaster, Ferris wheel and Merry-Go Round to cost an additional $3 million and the boardwalk construction build-out of approximately $5 million. This will all be financed with competitive commercial message rates at 8.5% interest rate amortized over 30 years, with a balance due in 5 years. This is a standard financial portion available through most commercial banks.We anticipate the retail shops and food establishments to be leased out with a competitive lease base upon the size, and location of the shop as well as with an additional gross revenue % additive. This is also standard for commercial leases in this arena. We hope to garner at least two separate nationally competitive restaurant chains leaving a final place for an independent to keep us fresh. As for the shops, these will all be leased as a first-come first-serve basis and will be contingent upon fitting in with the established atmosphere.As you can see based upon our pro-forma figures there will be plenty of room remaining for additional revenue generation as well as for advertising. We also plan to indemnify of the underlying note quicker than the banks anticipate. This will save us thousands in financing and interest charges. We do not currently have any fire in additional properties as this property will undoubtedly require future planning and development to keep the theme fresh and popular with the tourists.Landscape architecture and structural architectureAs for the design and layout of the building, an anticipated concept is located here. It will be a seaboard structure with the balconies facing both the lake as well as the entertainment center. Every room will have a view of the activities below and the lake activities. The Roller Coaster and Ferris wheel will be placed directly nigh to the boardwalk and the hotel as to not defray from the majestic view of the boardwalk. The first floor of the building however will be the shops and restaurants with patios jetting from them into the boardwalk for more of a seaside feel.The lower portion closer to the Lake will hold the Merry-Go- Round as well as additional seating for live entertainment, whether it be musical groups or live performing magicians and street performers. However from the top of the Ferris wheel, we are anticipating views clear out to the city lights of Las Vegas and to include the Strip.Interior design and decorationThe interior and dcor of the hotel will accompany that of the theme, it will be of a nautical feel with black and white portraits of classic carnival settings. Many of these carnival and boardwalk photos will be of the tourists home towns which will add to a sense of realism and personalization. Li ght blue or yellow and whitewash trim will be the main colour scheme while allowing a sprinkle of color to pop where the exciting locations are to be showcased. The interior of the rooms will also be conventionalised to transport the guest to a seaside location where fun relaxation and entertainment will be abundant.We plan to have several aquariums located throughout the property where different sea creatures can complete the full package. Some of the fish we plan on bringing in would be from the west coast and much will be from the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico, we may even bring in some sharks to place in a store behind the lobby bar. This will be simply to add to any realism of seaside adventure.

Devised self-Evaluation

Our first unit of work in the IGCSE was Devised theatre. Our theme was The unexpected and we chose this title beca spend there is an al routes unexpected things that happens in our life. Our play is about a person who once had a family, job, and life, but after he got fired he loses everything. Then later on in the story a devil and an angel appears giving him idea of earning money. At last the person choses the Devils way instead of the angels way of earning money.The devils way of earning money is to wear his old uniform and pretend to be the manager of the supermarket. Then steal the money and walk away. The plan does not go as expectation. All things went wrong. At last nobody wants to help him, even the angel and devil did not want to help him. He even got someone in jail.Our group used the theme to create a 10 minute play exploring on unexpected events. We went about process by firstly cookery the events that is going to happen in our play and then ring of things that could g o wrong in the story. We first started with the idea of a person who is desperate in need of money. Then we changed it gradually bit by bit, until we ar satisfied. Input was shared equally by all members of the group by sharing distinguishable ideas and contributing to the group. Each member had contributed something to the group. Some people contributed props, equipment, ideas, and etc.Before the start of the performance I felt really nervous and i likewise excited about that I was going to perform in front of many parents and peers. It was also the first time I had to perform in the public. I try to overcome these emotions by telling myself not to panic and by staying in role during the performance.In my performance, I portrayed myself as an old gran and a little boy. I tried to communicate this character through the use of my tone, clarity, enunciation, volume, gesture I thought I was able to effectively use my tone, body gesture, and facial expression to create a sense of h umor during the performance. For example, I had a hunched back gesture and a cranky voice, when I was being the grandmother. I stayed in role during the performance. I think I need to improve on having more eye contact toward the audience.I admire Andys group mainly of their use of comedy and humor. Their exploration of how they used their vocals, and how they used their body gesture was really outstanding during the performance.In conclusion, I think as a group we work quite well and I think our performance was quite successful, but I think there are some improvements to be done. The targets for our devised theatre are that we have to be more confident on contributing ideas to each other. Finally, the target for my performance skills is that i should more eye contact toward the audience.

What Important Skills Should a Person Learn to Be Successful?

What important skills should a person learn to be successful in the world today? Nowadays, go a successful person is one of the first targets of humans . People succeed doesnt depend on who ar they musician, president, businessman etc. It doesnt depends only on having certain skills. Today , various skills contribute to success. I think, that any person can let successful through learning from the mis sorbs, being able to take stake and having the persistence. In my opinion, one of the important skills that a person should have in order to be successful is learning from the mistakes.We know that nobody is gross(a) on doing something, especially if he or she does it for the first time. Before achieving any goals, humans can make a lot of mistakes. Some peck become grieved and lose their self confidence when they do mistake. This disappointing ends with failure in your job or in your successful development. While making mistakes, if we feel colored for ourselves then we will have failure, but, if we accept the lesson from our mistake then we will move to a successful life.Except learning from the mistakes, being able to take a risk is also one of the main keys of success. Any person, who want to achieve success must not afraid of risk, they should not see the risk as a danger. Taking a risk could result a lot of positive outcomes, and it can be very profitable. According to co founder of Zipcar confederacy Robin Chase, Taking professional and entrepreneurial risks is quite profitable . My decision at age 23 to illegally slip into Kenya from Tanzania was a greater risk than launching Zipcar with just $78 in my bank account.Today Zipcar has 350,000 members using 6,500 cars. Taking real risk also requires freedom in our expectations and fears. Not all people can have such freedom, thats why not everybody can take risks and be successful. In addition to learning from the mistakes and being able to take a risk, having the persistence is also one of the m ain points of being successful in the world. Today, any person can achieve success by developing his or he persistence to a very high level. In order to reach any goal and succeed , person should take sequential actions.I think, that it is the biggest trouble of many people not to be sequential, staying out of the race in reaching finish and persistence. In brief, today everybody wants to be prosperous, beginning from the trucker to the doctor. It is not so easy to succeed. It requires some necessary abilities, such as having self- assurance through learning from mistakes, being bold to take any risk and having perseverance. These keys are very important and basis in achieving success. Therefore, I think, .

McGraw-Hill Financial Performance

It is reported that there was an 8.6% plus in the earnings per share to $2.40 for the grade 2006 that due to the growth in the revenue by 4.2% amounting to $6.3 billion. Another successful category for the McGraw-Hill, but before that, lets take a mien on the past few years where the evaluation on this research must focus.The net income of the McGraw-Hill for the year 2003 is $687.7 meg. During 2004, the net income had reached to an amount of $755.8 million, a 9.9% increase from the front year. In step-up to this, the companys revenue increased by 7.4% amounting to $5.3 billion.In accordance with the Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-10, Accounting for exile and Handling Fees Costs, the corporation had do reclassification of the revenues resulting to an increase in the revenue of $62.5 million and $62.5 million during the year 2004 and 2003 respectively.There is an increased of 14.3% in the McGraw-Hill revenue during 2005 which had reached close to $6 billion. Together w ith it is the increase in the net income of 11.7% reaching to an amount of $844.3 million and in any case an increase in the earnings per share of 12.8%. The company had also handed an amount greater than $924 million to the shareholders prior to the increase of 14.4% compared to as before of 4.9%.Pearson PLC Financial PerformanceIn the year 2003, changes in the companys portfolios had made revenue to increase by 89 million and 24 million on the profit. However, due to the movements of currency, there is 181 million reduction on the revenues and 27 million on the profits.During the year 2004, the revenues of the Pearson PLC had decreased by 302 million and 51 million on the profits due to the currency movements that happened that time. However, the changes in the portfolio had made an increase of 41 million on the revenues but still the profit dropped down by 8 million.However, the movements of the currency in 2005 had made a positive effect on the Pearson PLC. Regarding the conti nuing business basis, there is an increase in the sails by 46 million and the profit had also increased by 12 million. In addition to this, the portfolio changes also made the gross sales to increase by 29 million and profits by 9 million.Also during the year 2005, the fastest growth of sales happened in comparison on the past five years of the corporation. The sales increased by 9%. There is also a 22% increase in the profit amounting to 509 million and with the margins sledding up to 12.4%. There is also an increase of more(prenominal) than 33% in the operating cash flow of Pearson and more than 50% on the free cash flow, reaching to an amount of 431 million.These results to the most cash generated in Pearson that ever happened before. The biggest contributor on these success is the education- having sale of up to 12% generating an amount of 2.66 billion and making the profit to go up by 22% to the amount of 348 million.McGraw-Hill Stock PerformanceA 10% increase was authorise by the Board of Directors of the McGraw-Hill Companies on the Corporations common parenthood regular quarterly cash dividend. It was the 32nd of the consecutive increase in the annual dividend of the Corporations common stock.In 2004, an amount of $630 million was returned by the McGraw-Hill Companies to their shareholder. There was a 50% increase on the dividend payments compared to the previous year (2003). There is a new annualized rate amounting to $1.32 per share brought by the Corporations increase by 3 cents to 33 cents per share in the regularly quarterly dividend on the common stock. There was a history of continued increase in the McGraw-Hill dividends for 32 consecutive years. Also, during this year, the acquisition of the 5 million shares of its purchase range happened on the Corporation.There was an increase of a 10.3% average on the McGraw-Hill Companies annualized total return over the past 5 years.In 2005, the expanded stock repurchase program continued for 45 mi llion shares which is far greater than the outlook of the Corporation on 2004 of between trio to five million shares. In addition to this, it has been a 33 consecutive years of an increase in the dividend. Since 1974, a 10.3% had been the average compound annual growth rate.Pearson Stock PerformanceThe shareholders had approved the amount of 17 pence per ordinary share as a final dividend in 2005 and the he total dividend had reached the amount of 27 pence (adding the already paid meanwhile dividend). There is an increase from the previous year dividend from 25.4 pence (2004).In 2004, an adjustment of up to 5% amounting to 30 pence (57.6 cents) per share occurred and also there was an increase on the dividends by 5%.In 2003, a dividend per share amounts to 24.2 pence or 43.3 cents. The expense of the share at this year is 5.72 and 6.25 on the following year (2004) and on 2005, the share price is 6.52.Stock Performance AnalysisIn 2004, the stock performance of the McGraw-Hill dram atically increased from 17.8% of return putting it on its peak having a record liberal a 32.9% in return to the shareholders. However, it has not been good during the year 2005 due to the currency movement thus dropping down to 14.4%. However, it was a disaster for Pearson PLCs stock to be performing to the down low having its percent of return down to its lowest return of 1.5%. The stock performance trend from 2003 until 2005 has been continuously going down. Currency movement and the changed company portfolio didnt make a resistance for the company at these times.Long-Term CommitmentUntil 2005, McGraw-Hill Companies had succeeded and made the constant average return on investments through dividends of 10.3% for 33 consecutive years since 1974. By simply looking at these numbers, the possibility of McGraw-Hill to a long-term commitment would bring up more success to the Corporation.Pearson had been facing trouble in their past years before 2003. Those years have been tough for the Corporation. But their claim is they had made three of their companies, namely education, business information and consumer publishing to becoming world leaders.These happenings made them to think of two things making their operations efficient and selling of better products and run compared to their competitors. This strategy made them sold more than 250 million worth of products and services through combining of two or more parts of Pearson, both working(a) together. The results of this had reduced costs, increased revenues, assets, and working capitals that will continue planning on a long-term commitment.McGraw-Hill. (2007). The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Financial Statement. Retrieved certify 10, 2007, from http//moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?Symbol=MHP&lstStatement=Balance&stmtView=AnnPLC, P. (2007). Financial Statement. Retrieved March 10, 2007, from http//finance.google.com/finance?fstype=ci&cid=664805

Capitalism versus Socialism Essay

Budget deficit is just one of the many factors that negatively affect the provision of most of the presidential term projects in the society. Without the sufficient amount of presidential term funds, building of infrastructures and other public advantageouslys would be delayed or underprovided. As we can remember, there are some keens and serve that can all be provided efficiently if the government is the one who supply it instead of the private firms to protect the rights and eudaimonia of the consumer group. If there exist under provision of these public goods, the societal public assistance would negatively be affected.In this regard, there is a question on whether what should prevail in our economy, capitalism or socialism? 1 may dictate that this debate between capitalism and socialism is already a cliche, scarce we cannot effect aside the arguments and points of each side which could give us guide us in understanding what is happening in the real world. Let me tre at first capitalism. Capitalism promotes the concentration of the government in the provision of security in the society and not to intervene in the business world.Some capitalists say that, with the interpolation of the government, person who wants to establish a business enterprise is existence divest delinquent to the policies that are being implemented by the government. For instance, legal monopoly that was effrontery by the government to some companies hinders other people from starting their own water/electric company. This failure of other people to start their own supplys business, as capitalists believe, is a violation to their freedom. Socialism, on the other hand, is extremely the opposite of the capitalists thinking.Here, government intervention is very much welcome and the society is recognizing the ability of the government to efficiently handle companies and to equally distri furthere whatever the goods or ser iniquity that they produce to their citizens. One good example to this is the provision of government of medical services and education. Since not all individuals can afford the costs of schooling provided by private firms, what the government does is they establish public schools charging at a minimum amount.As for the medical services, the government establishes public hospitals and clinics that would provide its citizens cheaper medical services and medicines for less opened people. With this, the basic right of human, to comport education and access to medical services, is being fulfilled by the government. The reason why government provides efficient goods and services is due to the fact that they are providing the said goods and services at a apt price unlike private firms, especially monopolists, that charges above what is socially acceptable price.Now, based from the points of these two ideologies, therefore, it depends on the situation if whether a certain government intervention is good to the society. If the governme nt interferes in the market in establish to protect the welfare of its citizens, then, there is no room for capitalists to say that they are being deprived by the government to put their own business. In addition to that, establishing another utility business, like electric company, would be very costly due to the proud fixed costs that they must face.This is the reason why it would be efficient if only one would continue monopolize the ware of electricity in the country. In this regard, if there would be an under provision of public goods like education, electricity, medical services and security due to reckon deficit of the government societal welfare would surely be greatly devastated. More people would be deprived with their basic human rights and might suffer to private firms abusing power. just straight during instances wherein the private firms abuses their power and charge high to their customer by providing inelastic goods the government initiate actions to regulate th e situation. Good Economics versus Good Politics One could say that an act promotes good economics if it aims for the maximization of the satisfaction of the society or market (Sharma, 2007). On the other hand, one could say that an act promotes good politics if it is backed up by a good policy for the welfare of the volume. Most of the analysts say that good economics leads to good politics and vice versa. Others believe that its the other way around.The point of the latter is that, making policies that promotes the no personal interest would lead to good economics since promoting the interest of the majority is tantamount to saying that they are maximizing the satisfaction of the society or they are after for the optimal level of societal welfare (Gittins, 2004). In assure for each of the said ideals to exists, it must ensure the survival of one another. It seems hard for the politicians to set aside their personal political interest for the public interest only if it should be done in order to attain what is really best for the economy and for the country.One way to promote the public interest is to lessen the ladings being imposed to the public like- tax (Gruen, 2007). Minimizing the tax rate would require a long battle and endless debate but the thing is, if all of the politicians would set aside their personal interest everything is possible for the government and they could act efficiently for the betterment of the economy. In this regard, there is no point arguing what is the best for the society- good economics or good politics, since one is needed for the existence of the other.Invisible Hand Principle Advocated by Adam Smith, invisible hand supports capitalists view. According to Adam Smith, the government must not intervene in the market and focus only on providing security and justice system to the society. They as well believe that government lessens the societal welfare with their imposition of taxes. Taxes just add up to the operational co sts of the businesses that in turn being passed to the consumers. In short, the burden of the taxes that are being imposed by the government goes to the end consumers.Adam Smith believes that market systems has its own mechanism to heal itself and move back over again towards the equilibrium condition even without the intervention of the government. By satisfying the selfish motives of producers and consumers, they are unconsciously helping each other. Therefore, increasing the taxes rate collection of the government to cover the budget deficit would be an unwise idea since it would only add up to the burden of the consumers or the public. Government intervention must have the right timing and, as much as possible, impose less burden to the consumers.As what have been cited a while ago, government intervention depends on the situation and the condition between the private firms and the consumer group. Government intervention would only be sufficient if it uplifts the welfare of the consumer group with less negative effects on the private firms. But as for the increasing tax rate scenario, it seems that, although unintentionally, the government negatively affects the welfare of the consumer group while leaving the private firms unharmed since they only pass the taxes to the consumers.In this case, it would be better if the government let the invisible hand or the free market system to put back into order the economy. Production Possibilities Curve There are some instances wherein private firms are being restricted in passing the added costs of government intervention to their consumers. the like for instance, the imposition of tariff on importers, tariff is another income generating activities of the government aside from taxation.With the extra expenses of the importers on every unit of goods that they are importing to the country, they can now only afford to buy less of the said imported goods depending on their allotted budget. In this scenario, the busine ss would be producing below its production possibilities curve or PPF. This means that with the existence of higher tariffs on imported goods needed by local industries, the companies could only buy fewer imported raw materials and, therefore, producing fewer tot up of finished products than with the optimal level of production.This situation is treated to be inefficient, but since tariff is a form of income generation of the government, the only thing that the government could do is to find the efficient level of tariff rate wherein businesses could still produce closely to their PPF. With this, the value of the efficiency that is lost from the private firms would be justified and would return to them in a form of infrastructures in a form of roads and bridges which could alleviate the efficiency of their operation.In reality, it is pretty hard to produce within the PPF due to the existence of various intervening variables and tariff is one of them. The least thing that businesse s could do is to produce closer to their PPF or their optimal level of production based on their capacity and capability. Opportunity Costs With the possibility of under provision of important government services, the government cannot afford to make it happen due to the high opportunity costs involved in the case. The government might forego the value of the welfare of its citizens in exchange of the improvement of the welfare of the corporations.If the welfare of the corporations and consumer group is to be calculated, the welfare of the consumer group is surely larger than with the welfare of the corporations in the market and in the first place, it is the duty of the government to protect and order the safety and welfare of the majority- citizens of their country. Just imagine the number of students that might stop schooling with the cutting of the budget for education the number of sick and less capable citizens that only relies on the help of the government for cheaper medica l services and/or medicines from public hospitals and clinics.To make the situation worst, the government prioritizes the welfare of Iraqis than with its own citizen. It was aired in the news that the government raised the amount of budget for the peace keeping role of the government to Iraqi people. It is not bad to help other people, but think first about the welfare of your own people before the others since that is the right thing to do. The point here is that, the reason why the government suffers to budget deficit is due to their wrong priorities. The government must not set aside the welfare of its citizen since it would bail them higher opportunity costs.

Burdens of History Essay

The British regal history has long been a justification of conservative scholarship, its study separated from mainstream British history, its practiti unmatchablers resistant to engaging with vernal approaches stemming from the outside such as feminist scholarship, postcolonial cultural studies, social history, and black history. In this light, Antoinette Burtons Burdens of History British Feminists, Indian Women, and Imperial Culture, 1865-1915 represents challenges to the limited vision and exclusivity of standard purplish history.Burtons Burdens of History is part of a budding new imperial history, which is characterized by its diversity instead of a single approach. In this book, the author examines the relationship between liberal middle-class British feminists, Indian women, and imperial culture in the 1865-1915 period. Its primary objective is to relocate British feminist ideologies in their imperial context and conundrumatizing Western feminists historical relationships to imperial culture at home (p. 2).Burton describes Burdens of History as a history of discourse (p. 7). By this, she means the history of British feminism, imperialism, orientalism, and colonialism. Throughout the book, the author interposes and synthesizes current reinterpretations of British imperial history, womens history, and cultural studies that integrate analyses of race and gender in attempts at finding the ideologic structures implanted in language. In this book, Burton analyzes a wide mixed bag of feminist periodicals for the way British feminists fashi aced an image of a disenfranchised and passive colonized female different.The impact of the message conveyed was to highlight non a rejection of pudding stone as modern-day feminists too readily have tended to assume but a British feminist imperial obligation. According to Burton, empire lives up to what they and many of their contemporaries believed were its purposes and ethical ideals. Burton based her book on ex tensive empirical research. Here, she is concerned with the material as well as the ideological and aware of the complexity of historical interpretation. Backed by these, the author particularly examines the relationship between imperialism and womens suffrage.Burton brings together a remarkable body of reason to back her contention that womens suffrage campaigners claims for recognition as imperial citizens were legitimated as an extension of Britains worldwide civilizing mission (p. 6). Centering on the Englishcleaning ladys Review before 1900 and suffrage journals post 1900, the author finds an imperialized discourse that made British womens parliamentary vote and emancipation imperative if they were to shoulder the burdens postulate of imperial citizens (p. 172).The author shows in Burdens of History how Indian women were represented as the white feminist burden (p. 10) as helpless victims awaiting the representation of their plight and the damages of their condition at the h ands of their sisters in the metropole (p. 7). Responding both on the charge that white feminists need to address the method of cultural analysis pioneered by Edward say and the imperial location and racial assumptions of historical feminisms, Burton explores the images of Indian women within Victorian and Edwardian feminist writing.In her analysis, the author argues that Indian women functioned as the ideological Other within such texts, their presence serving to authorize feminist activities and claims. By creating an image of tainted Oriental womanhood, and by presenting enforced widowhood, seclusion, and child marriage as the totality of Eastern womens experiences (p. 67), British feminists insisted on their possess superior emancipation and laid claim to a wider imperial role.However, while feminists persistently reiterated their state for Indian women, the study purpose of such rhetoric was to institute the value of feminism to the imperial nation. According to the author The chief function of the Other woman was to throw into relief those special qualities of the British feminist that not only bound her to the race and the empire but made her the highest and most civilized study female type, the very embodiment of social progress and progressive civilization (p. 83).According to Burton, British feminists were, complicitous with much of British imperial enterprise (p. 25) their movement moldiness be seen as supportive of that wider imperial effort. She sustains this argument through an examination of feminist emancipatory writings, feminist periodicals and the literary works of both the campaign against the application of the Contagious Diseases Acts in India and the campaign for the vote. Indeed, the greatest strength of this book lies in the fact that Burton has made a n extensive search through contemporary feminist literature from a new perspective.In the process, she recovers some quite interesting subgenres within feminist writing. She shows, for instance, how feminist histories sought to reinterpret the Anglo-Saxon past to justify their own political claims and specifying some characteristic differences between explicitly feminist and more general womens periodicals. Certainly, Burtons survey establishes the centrality of imperial issues to the British feminist movement, providing a helpful genealogy of some styles of argumentation that have persisted to the present day.Burdens of History is a serious contribution to feminist history and the history of feminism. In conclusion, Burton states that British feminists were agents operating both in opposition to oppressive ideologies and in support of them-sometimes simultaneously, because they saw in empire an inspiration, a rationale, and a validation for womens enlighten activities in the public sphere. Her arguments are persuasive indeed, once stated, they become almost axiomatic. However, Burtons work is to some extent flawed by two major problems.First, the author nev er compares the imperial feminism rather she locates in her texts to other imperial ideologies. In addition, Burton does not put forward imperialism to the same kind of careful examen she turns on feminism. She does not define imperialism in her section on definitions, but uses the term as she uses feminism largely to denote an attitude of mind. Another problem is Burtons failure to address the question of how feminist imperialism worked in the world more generally.It is true that feminists sought the vote using a rhetoric of cross-cultural maternal and racial uplift, however, one may ask what were the effects of this strategy on the hearing accorded their cause, on wider attitudes toward race and empire, and, more specifically, on policies toward India? The author not only brushes aside such questions she implies that they are unimportant. It seems that, for Burton, the ideological efforts of British feminists were significant only for British feminism.It can be argued that Bur tons difficulty in examine the way Burdens of History works in the world is a consequence of her methodological and archival choices. The problem is not that the author has chosen to approach her subject through a discursive tack (p. 27), but rather that she has employed this method too narrowly and on too restrictive range of sources. go the author has read almost every piece of feminist literature, she has not gone beyond this source base to systematically examine either competing formal documents, Indian feminist writings, or imperial discourses.Thus, Burtons texts are treated either self-referentially or with reference to current feminist debates. Overall, Burtons approach is usable in providing a critical history for feminism today, Certainly, it is as a critique of Western feminisms pretensions to universal and transhistorical high-mindedness that Burdens of History succeeds. However, if one wishes to map out the impact of imperial feminism not only on feminism today, but also on imperial practices and relations historically, one needs a study that is willing to cross the border between political history and intellectual history and to take greater methodological risks.

Auditing and Assurance Notes Essay

Week 1Purpose of scrutinise enhance the degree of confidence of intended users in the financial story. Expression of an opinion by the meeter on whether the FR is prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with applicable financial reporting framework. Opinion whether the FR is presented fairly, in all material aspects, give a true and fair overtake in accordance with the framework.ASA require canvassor to exercise professional judgment and maintain professional perplexity throughout the planning and performance of the scrutinise to Identify and assess risk of material misstatement, whether due to charade or error, based on an understanding of the entity and its environment, including the entitys intragroup control. Obtain sufficient appropriate analyse evidence about whether material misstatement exist, through designing and implementing appropriate responses to the assessed risks. Audit process (planning, audit evidence, audit reporting)1. PlanningUnderstandin g the business and find riskAssessment of the internal controlsDetermining significant risks for which superfluous audit attention needs to be focused 2. Evidence gatheringTests of controlsSubstantive tests3. Formation of the audit opinionPlanningRisk identificationwhat approaches/ procedure the listener needs to adopt to reduce audit risk. Plan- so that audit will be performed in an effective manner. Key engagement team members in the planningappropriate quality control proceduresConsideration of comparisons of the entitys financial selective information Comparable information for prior periodsAnticipated results of the entitySimilar industry informationAudit Risk- the risk of material misstatement of financial report Assertion levelInherent Risk (IR)the susceptibility () of an assertion() to material misstatement, assuming there are no related controls, IR factors are generally business risks (BR) affecting a specific account assertion. tame Risk (CR)the risk of an assertion being materially misstated because controls will not prevent, or detect and emend errors on a timely basis. CR is the impact of the presence or absence of effective internal control designed to mitigate entitys business riskDetection Risk (DR)the risk that the auditor will not detect the material misstatement. Can be reduced by proper planning, grant of staff, professional scepticism (), supervision and reviewPlanning MaterialityASA320 Materiality no specific criteria for determining materiality, but rather considers it a matter of professional judgement. Determining materiality for planning- 2 stages1. An appropriate bench mark need to be chosen2. Risk assessment based on auditors knowledge of clients business

Jamie Oliver’s language Essay

In this essay I am going to be talking about the different aspects of Jamie Olivers language and how he adapts and uses these language features in his TED speech.Jamie Oliver successfully uses many language devices in order to help him communicate with his audience. I will be looking at Olivers and examining how orderive it is and in cast upition some features of willing speech, which argon shown in the speech.Firstly, I am going to look at Jamie Olivers planned and prepared language that he uses. Oliver has pl personal taken time to adapt his lexis to suit his Ameri foot audience.Phrases such as health care bills and dollars are some examples of this. Using these Americanisms would ensure that his audience understands the full capacity that he is trying to put across to them.If he used phrases such as pounds it would weaken the emphasis he is making he could not have full communication with his audience, as they would struggle to understand the extent of his message. Next, th ere is a ardent display of socialect and idiolect in Jamie Olivers spontaneous speech. This shows that even though he has adapted some of his lexis and conceit about what he is going to say, he often switches to spontaneous speech and his socialect and idiolect come through. An example of this is aint. As this is a very-English word, it shows that this would be part of Olivers spontaneous speech.However it may also have been planned as it shows that even though he is trying to adapt to suit his audience he may have used aint to keep his identity and also yield his speech more engaging.Pauses are a common prosodic feature in Jamie Olivers speech. often used subconsciously, they are slight breaks in speech that can be used in spontaneous speech for the speaker to think about what they are going to say next, but also can be planned in order to add effect. An example of are long pause is lets be honest guys,(0.5) you aint got that cash.This is a clear example of using pauses to add effect. Its hows that Oliver is passionate about the subject he is talking about and adding as light humourous strand to his talk.All these are features that Jamie Oliver uses in his speech, whether it be spontaneous or planned. Each one has a specific effect and adds to his speech. Altogether I have found that these features are integral to the success of his speech and enhance the message he is bringing to his audience.

Oscar Wilde The Selfish Giant

First of both, in order to either agree or disagree with the statement regarding Wildes respect for children we must identify the authors belief in his narrative, The selfish Giant. Since it is through the knotty process of speech that the author reveals his attitudes to what he is talking ab extinct, his relation to his auditor or receiver, and his assumptions more or less the grade level, intelligence, experience, values, and sensitivity of that person. Considering this, Oscar Wilde clearly has a kind and respectful attitude towards his plot and towards the reader of The egotistical Giant.His spectre refers to childhood and the conflicts around it. It perceptible due to the fact that we ar conscious of a voice beyond the voices of the characters that speak in the tale. We recognize the fact that there is a voice behind all the dramatis personae, sluice behind the third-person cashier. This is the sense of a pervasive authorial presence that communicates through the char acters a world view. Consider, for example, the t iodin of the following passages in Wildes The Selfish GiantMy own garden is my own garden, said the Giant each one can understand that, and I will allow nobody to play in it n eertheless myself.Only in the garden of the Selfish Giant it was still winter. The birds did not care to sing in it as there were no children, and the trees forgot to blossom. Once a scenic flower put its head out from the grass, but when it saw the notice-board it was so sorry for the children that it slipped back into the ground again, and went off to sleep.And the Giants heart melted as he looked out. How selfish I have been he said directly I know why the Spring would not come here. I will put that poor belittled boy on the top of the tree, and then I will knock down the wall, and my garden shall be the childrens playground for ever and ever. He was really very sorry for what he had done.Second, the characterization of the protagonist is done by the na rrator and also through the dialogues, which is undoubtedly the briefest and best form of character delineation since a long description of a character asks the reader to believe rather than deduct and not all narrators are veritable either. By contrasting the children and the elephantine, the reader is lead to have a negative perception of the giant and experience with the childrenAfter the seven years were over he had said all that he had to say, for his conversation was limited, and he determined to return to his own castle.What are you doing here? he cried in a very dogged voice, and the children ran away.He was a very selfish Giant.Later on, when the giant and children start to share the homogeneous garden, and the same sapiditys, the giant is described with a different connotationYears went over, and the Giant grew very old and feeble. He could not play about any more, so he sat in a great armchair, and watched the children at their games, and admired his garden. I hav e many beautiful flowers, he said but the children are the most beautiful flowers of all.The characterization of the protagonist follows a development through, which is direct associated with the atmosphere and the tantrum. The changes that take pip inside the giants character and inside the garden are attached to each other.In addition, the action of The Selfish Giant takes fanny almost entirely in the Giants property, inside the house and in the Garden, whose changes are directly related to the plot. The setting plays an important role in the dramatic events. The Garden is essential because it creates a feeling of verisimilitude or realism, since a garden is a known setting for kids. Besides, its not merely a place of action, it is an acting place. It is a thematic space in that it assumes a thematic function, the atmosphere. The actions are shaped and clean predetermined by the nature of the place or setting. The Garden act as a kind of characterization device The giant cha racter feelings step backwards and forge ahead as the garden does, and so it happens the other way around. The Giant comes from an insensitivite and self-isolated state to the discovery of the beauty itself and the beauty of childhood, and also to a self-discovery. Therefore, the garden also follows his changes.When they saw that the Giant was not wicked any longer, came running back, and with them came the Spring. It is your garden now, little children, said the Giant, and he took a great axe and knocked down the wall. And when the people were going to market at twelve oclock they found the Giant playing with the children in the most beautiful garden they had ever seen.Thus, Wilde uses setting and space thematically and symbolically. Most of the events in Wildes Selfish Giant take place inside the garden. Since one of the main themes of the novel is childhood, Wilde contrasts adults and children behavior towards nature and simple things of life by opposing two settings when the un ornamented behaviors are in contrast Inside the giants house, where the nature becomes abnormal, and outside the garden, where nature takes its course without changes.The poor children had now nowhere to play. They tried to play on the road, but the road was very dusty and full of hard-fought stones, and they did not like it. They used to wander round the high wall when their lessons were over, and talk about the beautiful garden inside. How happy we were there, they said to each other.Besides, there are plenty of symbology in the story, starting with the name calling of the characters. There are several fertile words in the story, the words that suggest the most to the reader. Wilde suggests all in a few lines military issueing in a single concentrated impression, as a result of it the narrative moves swiftly. In the tale, the Spring is a humanized character, and so are the Winter, the North Wind, the Hail, the Frost, and the Snow. The phenomena of nature stand for mingled ideas or emotions associated with it.The Giant is a symbol too, he doesnt even have a first name, so that he represents a whole group of people sharing the same idea. In opposite to childrens ideas, he could represent adults, in which connotation, denotation and symbolism combine to form a multiplicity of meanings. Also, by the engagement the characters by the words of giant, The spring, The Winter, and other characters which are not usual in the real world, the narrator intimates that the story is likely to have an atmosphere of a fairy tale (in this case, about the adults world getting in contact with the childrens world), as far as genre is concerned, or at least that the plot involves some magic or unnatural events, more specifically the climate, which reflects the mood of the giant himself.

Communication and Care Professionals

Unit 501 Use and develop systems that promote dialogue Learning Outcome 1. Be cap fitted to address the regularise of intercourse requirements in give birth division. 1. 2. Explain how to persist magnetic coreive colloquy indoors have job role. There argon a number of reasons for communicating as a jitney and leader such as delegation of work, supervision, building a team, interviewing, etc. As well as the need to pass on in many different levels of communicators such as clients, family members, staff, senior staff, opposite managers, other professional.Different mix of community require a different type of communication. Through start the duty manager baron be undertaking the variety of roles when advising, instructing, welcoming, prizeing, observing, informing and counseling. Whatever the communication need or type, a goodness workings relationship, trust and ability to prattle openly are inwrought and therefore the need to ordinate the communication to each circumstance. in financial backinging others to became effective communicator, it is necessary for leader to be an effective role model and where able-bodied to reflect effectively on how you communicating your messages.If we support all our communication by accepting and valuing the tidy sum with whom we interact in the expression of warmth and a non- psycheal attitude, we will improve our communication skills no end. So effective communication stern be supported by ensuring that staff are all well aware of the need to be flexible in the focus in which they give-up the ghost at bottom varied contexts and to engage in communication which is empathic and values bulk with whom they interact. 1. 3.Analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within own job role. There are a range of barriers and blocks in communication like * oddment in culture and values. Living in multi-cultural society it is important to be culturally aware in our interpersonal interactions. It is includes not only cultural differences provided also the differences in values that people hold. By developing a respectful curiosity about beliefs and practices within all service users lives, we are able to slip away in more meaningful shipway. Negative feelings about the person you are speaking to or taking personally what the person are saying. We may not share the views of people we intercommunicate or particularly like the stance the person takes, solely as the manager and leader in a setting we do have to show tolerance of these views and to be fully aware of how we come crossways to those we are communicating with. One of the things we often do not pay enough attention to is our body language.The way in which we present ourselves can have as much if not more adjoin on whether our message is listened to and understood. It is vital that our bodily actions match our speech. * Difficulties in own life, tiredness, feeling unwell. Self foc exploitation highlights the need to manage those emotions we feel and manage them appropriately. So we may feel angry at somebody, but as a manager and leader, showing that anger inappropriately will have negative effect on relationships. Feeling unsafe due to persons behavior. We can overcome the problems associated with aggression by using our own verbal and non-verbal communication skills in a calm, non-threatening way, world clear and assertive in the way that they communicate with people who are aggressive, ensuring that the environment is used to defuse or de-escalate an aggressive situation and empowering people to take control of situations that they find stressful. * Not listening effectively.Active listening shows that staff and clients have been heard and the way in which we do this is with the following skills ac distinguishledging and reflecting feelings, body language, restating, paraphrasing, summarising, questioning. * Noise, inappropriate environment. Another area where communication could break bulge out is an inappropriate environment. Manager must be aware of need for privacy when carrying out sensitive types of communication. The initial impact of a room or building, for instance, is it welcoming, tidy, level of noise, can have huge effect on how people feel and can influence the success of an interaction.Learning Outcome 2. Be able to improve communication systems and practices that support positive outcomes for individuals. 2. 2. Evaluate the authority of existing communication systems and practices. The initial assessment must be done from the first meeting with person to establish a baseline of the persons ability and communication method. Everyone involved with disturbance of the person should be made aware of this baseline so they can evaluate the effectiveness of any agreed ways of communication.Comparing the baseline with current findings helps us to identify the effectiveness of agreed ways of communication. Positive changes may indicate that agreed method o f communication is effective and should be encouraged to continue or possibly adjusted to lick even more improvement. Findings which show a decrease in the persons ability need to be investigated further. Whatever the cause, the person should be supported to manage their communication ability, to prevent further decrease, and identify alternative methods of communication where possible.Once we have place and supported the person to use agreed method of communication, we will need to work with others to identify ways of supporting the person to develop their communication continually. Others may include family, speech and language therapists, behavioural support workers, occupational therapists, psychiatrists, psychologist. When somebody masters their agreed method of communication to support their specific communication need, it may be time to introduce alternative methods to aid them to develop their communication further.Care professionals communicate with people using go very frequently and in a variety of ways. These can include bollock meetings and appointments to assess a persons health or wellbeing problems, to review a persons progress or recovery, in easy conversations during activity sessions and in brief interactions in the corridor, for example. To ensure that they communicate effectively, fearfulness professionals need to use language that isnt too technical, scientific or based on professional jargon.This can frustrate and intimidate people who use services, particularly if they feel that their concerns arent being responded to in an appropriate manner. Effective communication and interaction enable people who use plow services to feel more supported, are essential for identifying and responding to their individual dish out demand and form the basis of a trusting, respectful care relationship. 2. 3. Propose improvements to communication systems and practices to address shortcomings.Health and tender care professionals need to be able t o communicate effectively with people who use care services. Once they become aware that an individual inevitably assistance to communicate effectively, a care practitioner should ensure that suitable human or expert aids to communication are made available. Care professionals communicate effectively when they are able to charge directly with other individuals. To be able to do this well, a care professional must adapt to the communication and language needs and preferences of others.This includes people who are unable to use spoken language and people who have sensory impairments that limit their communication and interaction abilities. Some people may develop their own way of communication because they do not have the ability to communicate in more formal manner. A sensory disable people usually use aid techniques and specific forms for communication. Effective communication and interaction play an important role in the work of all health and social care professionals.For examp le, care professionals need to be able to use a range of communication and interaction skills in order to work inclusively with people of different ages and diverse backgrounds respond appropriately to the variety of care-related problems and individual needs of people who use care services enable people to feel relaxed and batten down enough to talk openly establish trusting relationships with colleagues and people who use care services ask sensitive and difficult questions, and obtain entropy about matters that might be very personal and sensitive obtain clear, dead-on(prenominal) information about a persons problems, symptoms or concerns give others information about care-related issues in a clear, confident and professionally competent way.Collating or discovering information about somebodys communication and support provided is essential in monitoring the effectiveness of the persons communication. We can collect the information observing the person, getting feedbac k from others and recording information. Learning Outcome 3. Be able to improve communication systems to support partnership working. 3. 2. Compare effectiveness of different communication systems for partnership working. Health and social care work is now based on multi-professional and multi-agency working. This means that care professionals need to be able to communicate effectively with colleagues from a variety of different care disciplines.A multi-professional team might include nurses, care workers, social workers, occupational therapists, clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, for example. Each of these care professionals has a particular disciplinary training and a range of specialist skills. They also share some core skills in working with people who are mentally distressed. Members of this team will need to be able to use their one-to-one and group communication skills flexibly so that they can talk to, share ideas and collaborate with their team colleagues in ways tha t benefit the people in their care. Care professionals involved in multi-professional teams may communicate in both formal and internal contexts. When team members get to cope each other very well, they may use more informal language at times.However, multi-agency working often requires care professionals to communicate more formally, using agreed plans and agendas to strain specific goals. Formal communication may be used to ensure that the professionals and agencies involved in this pleasant of collaborative working are clear about each others responsibilities and dont drift into miscommunication, compounding problems. 3. 3. Propose improvements to communication systems to support partnership working. Collating or collecting information is essential in monitoring the effectiveness of the communication systems. We can collect the information observing, getting feedback from others and recording information. So we need to work with others to identify ways to support the continue d development of communication.Care professionals communicate with colleagues and other professionals in many contexts every day. Effective communication requires personal and professional respect for others, trust in the judgement and values of colleagues, good verbal and listening skills. Care professionals may communicate formally and informally with colleagues and others working in partnership. Effective communication and interactions enable people to work more efficiently and to collaborate with and support each other in teams. In formal communication the specific writing skills needed by care professionals are generally learnt in practice and quickly become part of a care professionals skill set.However, it is important for care professionals to regularly review and reflect on their pen communication skills to ensure they are using them as effectively as possible. Learning Outcome 4. Be able to use systems for effective information management. 4. 1. Explain legal and ethical tensions in the midst of maintaining confidentiality and sharing information. Tensions caused by confidentiality the need for accept to share information understanding when information may be shared without consent concept of need to know need for transparent policy and protocols for information sharing. In many cases, the ephemeral information is routine and related to the care of the person concerned. However, this is only with the agreement of the person.But it is essential that only that is needed for the purpose is passed on. Sometimes there are situations when we need to break confidentiality and pass information without consent but we must do this when we have good reason to believe that there is a risk of unsafe harm to someone. Good practice involves asking people if you can let other people know things, if not we cant give any information even to close relatives only because they want to know. Exception to this overtop is when others have a need to know. For example, managers, colleagues or other professional because they may need to help to make decisions or will be working with the same person. 4. 2.Analyse the essential features of information sharing agreements within and between organisations. Every organization have a policy on confidentiality and the disclosure of information. In my organisation policy on Confidentiality and Policy on Record Keeping relate to it. The main point of these policies are * solely information we receive about or from service users is confidential and that only those people who need to know the information will have irritate to it * Individual and home records are kept in a secure fashion, are up to date and in good order * Service users have access to their record and information, as well an opportunities to help maintain their personal records.Staff working in health and care sector have a duty to respect individuals personal information, not discus client out of work place, ensure that all written informa tion is signed and dated and stored in a secure manner, are not left out, are accurate and up to date, the passwords and computer screens are used in computer systems, information shared with appropriate peoples and on need- to- know basis. Managers responsibility for maintaining confidentiality is to be convinced that policies and procedures are appropriate and operational within your area and staff are provided training covering basic information about confidentiality, data protection and access to records.

Nature of Human Resource Management: Hiring and Recruiting

executive director SUMMARY INTRODUCTION In the represent time, Organizations most important assets argon its citizenry i. e. Employees. These employees argon the foundation on which the formation stands strong with place the human power to perform certain tasks, to produce, to operate, to analyze, and so onno organization can live. Although the modern technologies pretend make a lot things much easier entirely nothing can replace the significance of the humane Resources. Therefore, Hiring is a very ch on the wholeenging, time consuming and costly function of the comp some(prenominal). still whats even harder especially in todays chaotic economic occurrence is, Making the rectify Hire. Recruiting and picking is all roughly hiring the ripe(p) person for the proper business organisation at the right time. Even a single(a) wrong hire can affect the ope balancens of the business and can cost the home a fortune. In order to avoid making a bad hire, HR farers must carefu lly draw and analyze the Human Resource Planning (HRP) process. HRP is a process used by the organizations to ensure that it has right fare and kind of people to get together its particular goals in futurity.This is put one overe by forecasting the persistence Demand for future and matching it with the forecasted Labor Supply of the firm. Organizations that do not conduct HRP or don not perform HRP properly may not be able to meet their future intentness shortage or may shit to resort to layoffs due to elbow grease surplus. Even though hiring the right people with right skills is very protracted and difficult process but Human capital is a substantial investment and even a single mistake can put pecuniary commit on the firm. The pace at which a business moves from survival mode to growth paths is largely interdependent on the successful hiring of the correct employees.The prosperity of the business not whole depends on hiring good people but hiring extremely talented pe ople with the right skills for any particular job. hobby are roughly useful tips for hiring right people for the right job * Develop a detailed Job description identify the key responsibilities, functions and expectations for the position nether question. * Design a careful Job Specification furbish up the skills, requirements, experience and knowledge required for the position under question. * Use internal or external labor market to find adequate number of potential candi take ins * Conduct the Screening process wisely and horoughly in order to find valuable tuition regarding militant salaries, intelligence and the charming standards. * Try to use unified interview process to select the best possible candidates * Check references provided by the candidates, verify their degrees and other information provided by them and find out about their past working demeanours by contacting their ex boss or subordinates * After hiring, make the fresh hire welcomed and make him/her und erstand the culture of the organization through Orientation. fountain CasePAKISTAN CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY Pakistan civilised Aviation representation is a Public sector supreme body working under the Federal Government of Pakistan through the Ministry of Defence. It was established on 7th December, 1982 as an autonomous body. Prior to its creation, a Civil Aviation Department in the Ministry of Defence used to manage the civil strain relate activities. The day of 7th December has significance, as it coincides with the date of creation of foreign Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 1944 as a solution of the famous Chicago Convention.Incidentally, the united Nations have declared 7th December as the world(prenominal) Civil Aviation day and famous as such every year all over the World. All kinds of Civil Aviation related activities are performed by CAA including the regulatory, impart traffic profits, airport management, infra mental synthesis and commercial let outmen t at the airports, etc. Recently, Civil Aviation Authority underwent Restructuring and Change heed process to meet the present and future challenges.This organisational transformation process identified Structure, Culture, Skills, and Rewards as four tracks on which simultaneous emphasis is being laid. The Vision, Mission, and cell nucleus Values have been identified. Wide-angle buy-in process by CAA senior management with staff and lower levels for bridging colloquy gaps between distinguishable hierarchical levels of the organization has been taken. As a result of the Restructuring process, the fundamental organization structure has been balanced to instruction on three core areas namely Regulatory, Air Navigations Services, and Airport Services.These Core / note of hand functions are fully supported by the various corporate functions of the organization. The restructuring process has helped Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority to fully focus on- * Streng soing its safety and se curity oversight role as per International Civil Aviation Organization requirements and standards. * To facilitate growth of the infrastructure development (Airports and Airport Cities) on a fast-track basis. Private sector participation in the process is also being encouraged. Enhanced Regulatory and air space management capabilities. Moreover, emphasis is being laid on commercialization of its assets and land with improved node / convolutionenger service standards, benchmarked with top performing international airports * Development of a New Aviation indemnity for the country in consultation with the Ministry of Defence, Planning Commission, World Bank, Airlines, and Aviation Experts (Expected to be considered by the Cabinet for citation shortly). Investing in Human resource development through structured approach with particular focus on quality of people and enhancing their professional cappower. Quality work on stark naked initiatives is in r each(prenominal) such as intr oduction of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Health, earnest, Safety, and Environment (HSSE), Corporate Social indebtedness (CSR), Ethics Management Program, Customer feedback mechanism at the airports, Employees Performance Management system, benchmarking, outsourcing of non-core and wasteful activities, etc.Recently, we have embarked upon a challenging phased program to acquire international standards of Integrated Management System (IMS) in CAA during which the international standards of ISO 90012000 (Quality Management System), ISO 140012004 (Environmental Management System), and OHSAS 180012007 (Occupational Health and Safety Management System) shall be acquired. VISION STATEMENT Be world-class service provider in the aviation industry MISSION STATEMENT Provide safe, secure and efficient best-in-class aviation go to the stakeholders CORE VALUES * Commitment * Professional Excellence * Customer Focus Safety and Security * Integrity ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE PCAA MANAGEMENT BOARD Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority is administered by the poster which performs tasks like policy formulation, execution, monitoring and evaluation. The board is being assisted in different administrative and financial issues by the number of sub committees namely PCCA Executive Committee, PCAA Audit Committee and HR Committee. PCAA BOARD PCAA EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE PCAA AUDIT COMMITTEE HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT OF PCAA The HR plane section of PCAA is still under the developing process as it was formed only three years ago.Prior to the formation of the HR department on that point was an Administrative Department which use to manage all the activities finance, accounts, hiring and selection, employee record keeping, audit, etc. Even though the HR department is not completely established, PCAA HR is making pretty good efforts for fostering a prosperous corporate culture and developing organizational capabilities by designing an effective and efficient workforce who remains devot ed towards the phoner. The head of the HR department is the of import HR who is in Pay separate of 11. He is appointed by DG CAA (Director General).Directorate of human resource delivers high quality of management services from manpower. HR supports the line function/directorates to achieve strategic goals of PCAA. HR directorates have five branches which perform different functions. Each Branch has different head called General Manager (GM) which then reports to chief HR for approval. Following are the branches of the HR Department of PCAA * HR Employee Relation and Record Management (EM & RM) * HR Recruiting and Selecting (R & S) * HR line of achievement Planning and Performance Measurement (CP & PM) * HR Pension * HR Training and Development (T&D)This report only discusses the HR Recruiting and selection branch. The HR policies and strategies are formulated and designed in a way to develop a unified, stable and fair working environs for every single employee so that they per form in the best way they can. Moreover, every employee is provided with opportunities to learn and grow. HR ORGANIZATIONAL CHART RECRUITING AND pickax AT PCAA The Recruiting and Selection branch is responsible for attracting the potential candidates for any present or future vacant positions it plans and provides employees with the right skills for the right job.Similarly, the branch also deals with the employee layoffs in episode an employee is not performing up to the mark or is indulged in wrong working practices and sometimes the layoffs result due to labor surplus. This branch showtime catchks approval for any youthful hire for a post or layoffs from Director General. Before starting the Hiring and Selection process, the HR first conducts Human Resource Planning to find out about its labor pauperization and abridgment. solely the HRP process is performed in depth. After the discovering the human resource requirements through HRP the Recruiting and Selection process is s tarted.PCAA Recruiting and Selection act upon Human Resource Planning The present working environment has become extremely competitive for every business. People are now open to a great deal of opportunities and they are also hale informed about the market place candidates know the standard working practices and salary being gainful by the various employers in an industry. Therefore, employees have become less loyal to the companies in general if they are not satisfied or happy with their employer or subordinates then they dont hesitate to transmutation to some other come with.Keeping this trend in mind, PCAA HR performs a simple demand and supply analysis for its labor force. Demand Forecasting Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority uses a very simple order for forecasting the labor demand i. e. RATIO ANALYSIS. The method simply compares the ratio of the employees to CAA units with the expected number of employees for each job. Below is a sample table which demonstrates how the d emand forecasting is done in PCAA. Column A shows the current number of employees holding the existing key positions in the firm. Column B calculates the present ratio of employees to PCCA units.Column C calculates the expected number of employees for each job position in 2012 by multiplying the current ratio of employees to PCAA units by 32 (additional number of firms to be added). This is a Quantitative technique. Supply Forecasting Once the demand analysis is done the next step is to do labor supply forecasting. The labor requirements are fulfill either through Judgmental techniques. PCAA uses Executive Reviews Top Management makes judgments about who should be promoted, reassigned or fired, and void analysis judgments are made about likely employee movementsKey Positions DEMAND FORECAST ANumber of Employees2010 BRatio ofEmployees/CAA Units(Col A/25) Projected 2012 laborDemand for 32 Firms(Col B x 32) Secretary Ministerof Defense 25 1. 00 32 Vice Chief of Air provide 9 0. 36 12 Secretary Planning and Development division 23 0. 92 29 Managing Director PIAC 20 0. 80 26 Director General CAA 14 0. 56 18 representative Director General 22 0. 88 28 Chief HR 25 1. 00 32 Chief financial Officer 20 0. 80 26 General Manager 45 1. 80 58 Director Technical 27 1. 08 35 TOTAL 230 296 RecruitingRecruiting is the process of generating a pool of qualified candidates for a particular job. The firm must announce the jobs availability to the market (inside or impertinent the organization) and attract qualified candidates to apply. First of all the Recruiting and Selecting branch obtains the detail information about the vacant positions from the several(prenominal)(prenominal) departments (such as finance, Operations, etc). This is explained in Job Description and Job Specification. However, if the vacancy exists for any HR position then HR develops the job description and job specification.Once all the relevant information is gathered then the job vacancies are announced to the general public through posting the smarts on their website and newspapers. The internal employees are also informed about the job vacancies through announcements, official emails or office notice board. This is a newspaper ad PCAA HR department receives job applications within 30 days of the publication of the advertisements (as per the mentioned date in the ads). All the job applications are carefully analyzed and scrutinized and then a certain amount of candidates are short-listed who are eligible for giving the written mental test.The HR (R&S) then forwards the list of selected candidates to discipline Testing Service (NTS). Written Test For ensuring transparency and upholding the motto of Merit, PCAA has outsourced its written test examination to a third party National Testing Service (NTS). This decision was made during the Executive Committee encounter held on 27th July, 2007 as proprietary to conduct all type of written test on behalf of HR (R&S) branch. NTS carri es out the written test once it receives the names of the short-listed candidates form HR (R&S).NATIONAL TESTING military service (NTS) NTS is an organization who provides services for conducting academic performance evaluation tests which was formed in July 2002. Following are the test standards that NTS follows for all of its tests. * Developmental procedures * Suitability for use * Customer service * Fairness * Uses and protection of information * lustiness * assessment development * Reliability * Cut scores, scaling, and equating * Assessment administration * Reporting assessment results * Assessment use * Test Takers rights and responsibilitiesAfter the test is conducted NTS compiles the results and announces them on their websites as well as forward them to HR (RS) of PCAA. so HR (RS) branch is responsible for the development of merit list and issuance of interview call earn to top five candidates as per quota share given below MERIT QUOTA PERCENTAGES PUNJAB 50% SINDH 19% SINDH (rural) 11. 4% SINDH (urban) 7. 6% NWFP 11. 5% BALOCHISTAN 6% AZAD KASHMIR 2% WOMEN 10% NON-MUSLIMS 5% DISABLE 2% Interview The candidates who made to the merit list are called for the final phase of the Recruiting and Selection process i. . Interview. The interview can be conducted at five centers namely Karachi, Islamabad, Lahore, Quetta and Peshawar. The Administration instructs the Airport Managers for making arrangements for the candidates. After interview, HR (RS) branch compiles the result domicile vise by taking the weight-age of 60% of Written Test and 40% of Interview. INTERVIEW SELECTION BOARD Employee Verification Organizations should not hire people before verifying their documentations and past work behavior even if they performed excellent in the written test or interview.HR (RS), in order to predict the future performance of a prospective employee, looks at the Past Employment Record of their prospective candidates. Most of the companies do not provide any ki nd of job-related information about their ex employees due to fear of insult. But checking employees references is a best way for PCAA to avoid negligent hire. Another method used by HR (RS) branch to do employee verification is to do Background Checks. This includes criminal background checks, verification of degrees, recognise history, etc.Background checks help PCAA to avoid any lawsuit resulting due to a negligent hiring. Selection When the prospective employees pass the verification step they are hired. An appointment letter is issued in the name of the employee by the PCAA HR (RS) branch. The new hires are given a date and time for the Orientation. Training Once the Orientation is conducted the new hires of non-technical posts (e. g. Financial Officer, Accountant, etc) is required to join PCAA from the very next day. But the new hires of technical posts (e. g.Engineers) are send to Civil Aviation Training Institute (CATI) Hyderabad for training. The duration of the training v aries from four to six weeks depending upon the nature of the job. Evaluation of the Recruiting and Selection Process PCAA HR(RS) branch doesnt use any proper method of evaluating their Recruiting and Selection process. They simply see the performance of the new hires and see if their decision of hiring a particular employee was correct or not. Hiring and Keeping the remunerate People Case Study By Rich Kramarik We have a bring together of stories to share with you this month.The first is an accounting firm. This firm has 8 employees and revenues of three million dollars. This firm had been experiencing a problem with turn-over. The chief executive officer was development good interview techniques and involved other members of the firm in the interview process. In a couple of cases knobs were used to interview the candidates. This firm was using every bit of good judgment and process to conceal candidates. But, yet they experience a high level of turnover. The reasons were all over the map. In one case the new hire just was not as productive as expected.In another case the new hire just didnt get along with knobs. And, in yet another case the new hire was very argumentative with other employees. We worked with this chief operating officer and could not find any substantive changes that we mentation would help. We started looking at how new employees were introduced into the firm and how they were trained and supported. We found that the nature of the business was the problem. This firm did fill accounting services and by the nature of the business new hires were out of the office and working in the client offices immediately after hiring on.Through interviews we discovered that the employees were uncomfortable and felt disconnected as they got thrown to the wolves. We work with the chief operating officer and new support plans and work procedures were implemented. As new employees came on board, they were assigned a pal who worked with them at the c lient location half the time. This helped the new hire get comfortable with both the client and accounting firm. The buddy was also responsible to train the new hire in the office for ii weeks before the new hire went out to client locations.This was not dead time, but kinda on the job training working on client work but at the accounting firms office. The CEO also implemented one-on-one coaching sessions with new hires that were held on a periodical basis for the first 90 days of employment. These coaching sessions were to help orient the new hire to the company culture and they were used by the CEO as a safety valve or venting session. The CEO found these coaching session invaluable in helping both of them to resolve issues before they got out of control and became commitment reducing concerns.The result of the new approach is that the CEO has not lost a new hire for nine months now. This is retention that is already longer than the past experiences. A second situation is an en gineering firm with 20 employees and ten million dollars in revenues. The CEO said he was loosing his employees to competitive firms. He said he was tired of training new hires and then loosing them. With the permission of the CEO we interviewed several employees both new hire and long term employees. We found some interesting environmental facts that pointed to the problem.We hear that employee expectations were not being met. The employees felt that they didnt have adequate equipment and materials to perform their work. They also felt that there was disparity from employee to employee in the quality and capabilities of the equipment that the company made available to employees. We heard that employee assignments were constantly changing and that client demands often were accepted by management and the implications were longer work hours and lost family time. We heard much more, but this is enough of an example to show the problem.These items alone point to a poor work environment , but that was not the problem. These employees said that during the hire interview process the CEO made statements that led the new hires to believe they would have state of the art equipment. They said that the CEO said they had a culture of working a 40 hour work week. These employees also said that they had talked to friends who were working in other companies and that the environment was much better. The CEO said that demands from clients and fear of loosing business were driving some of his actions.He also said that poor revenues lately were impacting his ability to spend on equipment. Our CEO was also surprised to hear that his competitors were providing a better work environment. We helped this CEO implement some changes that have helped with his attrition problem. He did some work to script his interview questions and comments about the company. This helped him avoid his enthusiastic descriptions about the company that tended to overstate the real situation. We helped him p ut plans in place to present the purchase of new equipment. He was able to schedule work hours in taggered sessions that allowed some sharing of the new equipment. The biggest change the CEO made was to share more information with the company employees on the business environment and to implement a more open listening style. This CEO is working hard to change these company culture issues and the results so fare is that he has not lost any employees since he started this new focus. In summary, our clients are getting our help to get their focus on working on their business rather than working in their business and when they do they find excellent results.